Total Knee Replacement (Arthroplasty) at WIH Hospital: Regain Your Mobility, Reclaim Your Life

Experience lasting relief from chronic knee pain and regain your active lifestyle with Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery, also known as Total Knee Arthroplasty, at WIH Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. we are dedicated to restoring your knee function and improving your quality of life.

Understanding Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive condition where the protective articular cartilage in the knee joint wears away, often due to aging, rheumatoid arthritis, injury, or other factors. This breakdown leads to joint inflammation, swelling, and pain. As the joint surfaces are further damaged, it can cause knee deformity, limit bending and straightening, and make walking difficult, often leading to the consideration of treatments like knee replacement surgery.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

Managing osteoarthritis effectively often starts with non-surgical approaches to alleviate symptoms and delay the need for surgical intervention. These methods include:

1. Weight Management
Maintaining a healthy body weight is essential to reduce stress on the knee joints. For individuals whose BMI exceeds 25 kg/m², losing weight can significantly decrease joint pressure, improving mobility and reducing pain.

2. Knee Muscle Strengthening Exercises
Strengthening the muscles around the knee helps improve joint support and stability. Here’s a simple exercise you can try at home:

• Sit in a chair with your back supported.
• Lift your legs slightly off the ground.
• Tighten your thigh muscles while wiggling your ankles.
• Hold the position for 5-10 seconds and repeat 15-30 times for each leg.
  Aim to perform this exercise at least three times a day.

3. Medications for Osteoarthritis

• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These are used to manage inflammatory pain. However, they should only be taken under medical supervision and for short durations to minimize risks such as high blood pressure, kidney issues, or stomach ulcers.
• Long-Term Medications: Options like glucosamine, diacerein, or chondroitin may help slow the progression of osteoarthritis. These medications generally show effectiveness after 3-4 weeks of consistent use and are often prescribed for 3-6 months.

4. Joint Fluid Injections (Visco-Supplementation)
This treatment involves injecting artificial joint fluid directly into the knee. The injection helps replace the reduced natural joint fluid, minimizing friction and inflammation within the joint. The effects typically last for several months, offering pain relief and improved mobility.

What is Total Knee Replacement (Arthroplasty)?

Total Knee Replacement or Total Knee Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure designed to resurface a knee joint damaged by arthritis or injury. The primary goals are to relieve pain, restore normal knee function, improve mobility, and enhance the patient’s overall quality of life.

Types of Knee Replacement Surgery at WIH Hospital

Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

This is the standard procedure where all three compartments of the knee joint (medial, lateral, and patellofemoral) are resurfaced with prosthetic components. It is highly effective for widespread arthritic damage.

 Partial Knee Replacement

This procedure preserves the healthy portions of the knee, potentially leading to a more natural feel and quicker recovery for suitable candidates.

 Revision Knee Replacement

This surgery is performed to replace a failed or worn-out knee prosthesis from a previous replacement.

Indications for Knee Replacement Surgery

• Severe Chronic Knee Pain: Persistent pain in the knee joint that is not alleviated by rest or medication.
• Pain Impacting Daily Activities: Significant discomfort or pain when bearing weight, which substantially interferes with daily life and independence.
• Reduced Range of Motion: Noticeable stiffness and a decreased ability to bend or fully straighten the affected leg.
• Knee Instability or Weakness: A sensation of the knee lacking stability during movement, leading to a fear of falling.
• Structural Deformities of the Knee: Visible changes in knee alignment, such as developing a bow-legged (varus) or knock-kneed (valgus) deformity.

Who is a Candidate for Total Knee Replacement Surgery?

• Severe pain, functional limitation, deformity, failure of conservative treatment
• Commitment to Rehabilitation
• Realistic Expectations

Pre and Post-Operative Care

Pre-operative Care

• Follow all instructions from your WIH Hospital team regarding medications and lifestyle adjustments.
• Complete necessary tests (blood tests, ECG, chest X-ray).
• Follow Fasting instructions.

Post-operative Care

• The patient will be monitored closely as you wake from anesthesia.
• The surgeon will prescribe medication for the pain.
• The surgeon will provide instructions for early mobilization.
• Elevate your leg and apply ice packs regularly to reduce swelling and pain.
• Maintain a balanced diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals to support healing. Stay well-hydrated.
• Avoid high-impact activities, twisting motions, and excessive stress on the new knee.
• Use your walker, crutches, or cane as instructed.

Recovery Timeline for Knee Replacement Surgery

The recovery timeline after knee replacement surgery varies, but typically follows these stages:

• Week 1: Focus on pain control, early mobilization with physical therapy.
• Months 1-3: Continued use of a walking aid for stability and to minimize pain during weight-bearing. Focus on home exercises. Resume many daily activities.
• Months 6- 1 year: Most patients experience the full benefits of the knee replacement.

The Crucial Role of Physical Therapy After Knee Replacement

Physical therapy plays a vital role in the success of total knee replacement surgery. It helps restore joint function, improve flexibility, and strengthen the muscles around the new knee joint. Engaging in guided exercises not only helps regain the full range of motion but also supports long-term mobility, allowing patients to return to daily activities with confidence and improved quality of life.

How Long Do Artificial Knee Joints Last?

Prosthetic knee joints are designed to last approximately 20 years when the procedure is performed by an experienced orthopedic surgeon using high-quality materials. To extend the lifespan of an artificial knee, patients should maintain a healthy weight, avoid activities that place excessive stress on the joint, and refrain from deep bending positions. Proper care and lifestyle adjustments are essential for maximizing the durability of a knee replacement and ensuring a long-lasting improvement in mobility and quality of life.

Benefits of Knee Replacement Surgery

• Significant Pain Relief
• Improved Mobility and Function
• Enhanced Quality of Life
• Correction of deformity
• Long-Lasting Solution

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